Complexation of gallic acid involving La³⁺_, Sm³⁺, Th⁴⁺ and UO₂²⁺ ions in aqueous solution by potentiometry at various temperatures

In this study, the complexation of gallic acid with various lanthanide and actinide ions (La³⁺, Sm³⁺, Th⁴⁺, and UO₂²⁺) was investigated under aqueous conditions at elevated temperatures by potentiometric titration, with ionic strength of I = 0.10 mol dm⁻³ KCl. Stability constants for complexation of related metal-ions were determined using HYPERQUAD2013 software. The formation of complexes was considered at temperatures of 25 °C, 37 °C, and 45 °C. By examining the dependence of complex formation on temperature, the thermodynamic parameters of each complex were calculated. It was observed that the stability constant values varied with temperature. Additionally, cytotoxicity studies were conducted on MCF-7 and A-549 cell lines as part of the conclusion.