The MIT report 'The future of nuclear power' and its implications

An interdisciplinary MIT study : 'The Future of Nuclear Power' was published on 29 July, 2003. Its important points and meaning of this report are described. The object of the report is to make clear what should be played a part of nuclear power. From the growth scenario of nuclear power in the world, it concluded nuclear power had to generate 100 million kW, 19% total power generation, in 2050. Three choices for future of nuclear power are expected as followings, 1) once-through operation of the existing thermal neutron reactors and direct processing of spent fuel, 2) closed cycle operation of thermal neutron reactors and recycle burnup of MOX fuel of separated Pu (PUREX/MOX) and 3) introduction of fast reactors for closed cycle operation of both fast and thermal neutron reactors in order of material balance of the latter reactors. It is the most important part of the report that these choices were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively on the view points of economical efficiency, waste disposal (short and long term), non-proliferation and safety (reactor and fuel cycle). Some new politics such as support of nuclear power introduction, waste disposal and development of researches are suggested. (S.Y.)