Hydrochemical characteristics of the groundwater in Trans-Yamuna Alluvial aquifer, Palwal District, Haryana, India

Hydrochemical processes have been evaluated for the groundwater regime in Trans-Yamuna alluvial aquifer, Palwal District, Haryana. The groundwater belongs to the Na⁺–Mg⁺² and Cl⁻–SO₄⁻² facies, and solute acquisition processes indicated that the rock weathering/evaporation is a major mechanism that characterizes the hydrochemistry. It is also indicated that dissolution and reverse ion exchange processes are playing a major role in determining the groundwater chemistry in the study area. The varied climate in Ganga plains is responsible for the importance of different hydrogeochemical processes that impact on hydrochemistry of groundwater. Groundwater quality parameters were tested for drinking and irrigation purposes. Water quality index shows that 13%, 31%, 34% and 21% fall in good, poor, very poor and unsuitable water category, respectively, for drinking purposes. On the basis of SAR and Na%, the groundwater indicated that it is safe for irrigation purposes. But high TDS of few samples suggested the salinity hazard while using it for irrigation purposes for a longer period.