Determination of superficial absorbed dose from external exposure of weakly penetrating radiations

The methods of determining the superficial absorbed dose distributions in a water phantom by means of the experiments and available theories are reported. The distributions of beta dose are measured by an extrapolation ionization chamber at definite depths corresponding to some superficial organs and tissues such as the radiosensitive layer of the skin, cornea, sclera, anterior chamber and lens of eyeball. The ratios among superficial absorbed dose D(0.07) and average absorbed doses at the depths 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 mm are also obtained with Cross's methods. They can be used for counting the deterministic effects of some superficial tissues and organs such as the skin and the components of eyeball for weakly penetrating radiations