Characterization of the neutron flux during production of ¹⁸F at a medical cyclotron and evaluation of the incidental neutron spectrum for neutron damage studies

Highlights: • The fast neutron spectrum at a cyclotron producing ¹⁸F was evaluated using MNCP6, activation foils, and PNNL-STAYSL. • The fast flux adjacent to the ¹⁸F production target was 1.8 x10⁹ n/cm²/s to 3.0x10⁹ n/cm²/s. • The incidental neutrons produced through the ¹⁸O(p,n)¹⁸F reaction are suitable for neutron damage studies of materials. • The fast neutron dose rate in polyurethane was 2.8 cGy/s – 5.8 cGy/s. • The 1 MeV equivalent flux was 2.4x10⁹ n/cm²/s to 4.0x10⁹ n/cm²/s. - Abstract: The fast neutron spectrum was measured in an irradiation position adjacent to two ¹⁸F (fluorine-18) production targets at a medical cyclotron. The neutron spectrum was modeled using MCNP6 and experimentally determined using activation foils. A three-group neutron spectrum was determined using an over-determined least squares fitting method. The MCNP6 model results and measurements of the activation foils were used as input to unfold the neutron spectrum using the STAYSL PNNL code. The neutron spectrum adjacent to the ¹⁸F production target was evaluated for use in incidental experiments to evaluate neutron-induced radiolysis of polyurethane and radiation hardness testing of electronics. The fast neutron flux near the ¹⁸F target between the energies of 0.4 – 16.5 MeV was 1.8 – 3.0x10⁹ n cm^-2s^-1. The neutron dose rate in polyurethane at the irradiation position was 2.8 cGy s^-1– 5.8 cGys^-1. The 1 MeV equivalent neutron flux was 2.4x10⁹ n cm^-2s^-1 – 4.0x10⁹ n cm^-2s^-1.