Gas proportional counter design and use in (p,p), (p,2p), and (d,He) studies

The properties of gas proportional detectors and the design and performance of the intrinsic helical delay line detector are reported. Details of IUCF magnetic spectrograph experiments involving proton scattering, proton knockout and proton pickup are discussed. They include results for proton scattering from 6Li, 12C and 16O in the angular range 8 deg. to 72 deg. with an overall energy resolution of about 70 keV. The proton knockout experiment on 40Ca is reported and compared with a corresponding proton pickup reaction, 40Ca (d,3He)39K. One goal in the knockout work is to provide data for the understanding of nucleon-nucleon interactions in a many-body environment. The levels of the residual 39K nucleus have been studied with summed energy resolutions better than 320 keV. Incident proton energy was 150 MeV. The results appear to support the basis of a Distorted Wave Impulse Approximation knockout mechanism