Bi-axial magnetic orientation in a twinned ErBa2Cu3Oy superconductor by controlling grain size

Bi-axial magnetic orientation in ErBa2Cu3Oy (Er123) superconductor with a twinned microstructure was demonstrated. A ball-milling process effectively improved the degree of the in-plane and c-axis orientation of Er123 powder samples oriented in a modulated rotating magnetic field of 10 T. From the relationship between the particle size and the degree of orientation, it is concluded that pulverization induced the appearance of the in-plane magnetic anisotropy of Er123 grains through inhomogenization of two different types of domains in their grains. The present study presents a production technique of RE123 bulk magnets and coated conductors without epitaxy technology.