Diagnostic value of four dimensional ultrasound in detection of fetal causes of oligohydraminos: An observational study

Purpose: To evaluate the role of 3-dimensional (3DUS) and 4-dimensional ultrasound (4DUS) in detection of fetal causes of oligohydraminos. Patients and methods: 250 pregnant females (Age range from 19 to 45 years, mean age 33 years) were referred from the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department with oligohydraminos for fetal anomaly scan and Doppler study. Results: 111 of the 250 patients were primi- gravida and 139 were multigravida. Consanguinity was positive in 106 females. In 100 patients, the examined fetuses were abnormal, TORCH infection was + ve in 25 patients. In 150 cases no fetal cause was detected for oligohydraminos. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD, Potter type I) was the commonest fetal cause in our group detected in 24 of 100 patients followed by bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney (Potter type II) in 19 patients, unilateral renal aplasia was the least cause in our study. Conclusion: 3-dimensional and 4-dimensional ultrasound and anomaly scan are effective in detecting fetal causes of oligohydraminos and early determination of lethal causes