Variation of HMW-CS and gliadin induced by low energy N+ implantation in common wheat seeds

Seeds of wheat variety CH3286 were implant with low energy N+ ion beam (25 keV). The variation and composition of high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin (HMW-CS) and gliadin proteins in M3 generation of seeds were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and A-PAGE techniques. the results showed that the great variations including in new HMW glutenin protein bands appearing and original bands disappearing were found in HMW glutenin electrophoretic patterns due to implant N+ ion beam. The totally induced variation frequency of HMW-CS was positively associated with dosage of N+ ion beam implantation, 13.7% and 4.2% at 10.8 x 106 and 7.2 x 1016 N+/cm2, respectively. The induced effects were different in HMW glutenin-coding loci Glu-1A, Glu-1B and Glu-1D, among that Glu-1D was the most sensitive to N+ ion beam. The variation disciplinarian of gliadin proteins in the injected seeds was similar with that of HMW-CS. The proportion of the number of induced new gliadin protein bands and totally separated bands was 50% in high dose and 36.4% in moderate dose, respectively. The induced variation effect also was different in four gliadin protein blocks, among that ω gliadin was the most sensitive to N+ ion beam and caused the greatest variations in this block. The next was in γ and β gliadin blocks, and the least variations were in α gliadin block. A few of improved plants with new HMW-CS and gliadin compositions were selected in M3 generation. (authors)