Study on the thermonuclear energy ion interaction with a surface of carbon containing structural materials for thermonuclear reactors

Sputtering of titanium, niobium and tantalum carbides coating the first wall of thermonuclear reactors has been investigated as well as massive carbo containing materials apd compositions for electrodes of ion-iptical in ectar systems of megavatt atom beams during their bombardment with 0.3-10 keV hydrogen, deuterium and helium ions at 100-160 deg C. Selective and total coefficients of cathode sputtering and dynamics of selective sputtering have been determined. Effect of the sputtering on the surface structure Was observed. Energy and mass spectra of ion-ion emission and degassing kinetics of carbon-containing materials were studied. Change of the surface composition at heating and ion bombardment has been investigated. A near-surface layer with new properties: composition, structure and chemical bonds of atoms forms on the surface of carbon-containing materials due to ion bombardment and subsequent return of sputtered atoms. Use of some of the materials investigated as a renewed coating of the first tokamak-reactor wall or structural material can lead to the decrease of the surface erosion rate and of radiation losses