Laves phases and new compounds based on magnesium for hydrogen storage application

This work deals with the study of ternary compounds rare earth - magnesium - nickel used for hydrogen storage. All the compounds are prepared by fusion and by mechanical alloying method. The compounds YNi4-xAlxMg, derived from the cubic Laves phases have been studied in the first part. It reacts reversibly towards hydrogen at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The structural behaviour during the hydrogen sorption has been studied by in situ XRD. The compound remains cubic with a decrease of the crystallinity. This study is completed by the study of compounds: (i) rich in rare earth (e.g. Gd4NiMg) that absorb hydrogen at room temperature but irreversibly. Structures of both the intermetallic and the hydride have been determined. The decomposition of the hydride at temperature higher than 90 C is also explained. (ii) rich in magnesium. A new compounds with a formulation closed to Mg77Gd9Ni14.5 has been identified and it crystallized with a cubic faces centred structure. (author)