Development of an expanded polytetrafluorethylene dosimeter for the passive sampling of volatile organic compounds in air

Highlights: • A passive sampler was developed to effectively concentrate VOCs in the air. • Sampling rates were larger considering the mass of the absorbent. • Appropriate sampling time and absorbed mass considering desorption were determined. • A PTR-MS and sampler were deployed simultaneously under pulsed exposure to VOCs. • The results confirm the high precision and accuracy of passive sampling. A passive sampler composed of a porous, hydrophobic, and gas-permeable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tube was developed to effectively concentrate volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air. The ePTFE dosimeter has larger sorbent mass normalized sampling rates (L h⁻¹) compared with literature. This result suggests that ePTFE dosimeter can effectively detect low level VOCs in less contaminated air, including indoors. The air boundary layer thickness can be neglected when the mass accumulated in sorbent is converted to gas phase VOCs concentrations. The vapor pressure dependent desorption of VOCs from the sorbent was observed and modeling results suggested that this could lead to the underestimation of VOCs concentrations in air. However, the determination of the appropriate sampling time and the consideration of desorption could overcome the underestimation. A proton transfer reaction quadrupole mass spectrometer and passive samplers were deployed simultaneously in a chamber under fluctuating VOCs concentrations in air. The time-weighted average concentrations of ethylbenzene were 0.016, 0.015, and 0.017 g m⁻³ for 23, 46, and 69 min experimental period, respectively. The average concentration of the real-time analysis was 0.015 g m⁻³ for 69 min. The results show the ePTFE dosimeter can be used to estimate time weighted VOCs concentrations in air.