Published June 1977 | Version v1
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Releases of 14CO2 from nuclear facilities with gaseous effluents

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Description

The 14C stack vent emission from various facilities has been measured. The measurement was restricted to 14CO2, because it is only this compound which can lead to exposure doses as a result of ingestion and inhalation. Sampling and radiochemical sample preparation are described. The 14CO2 emission was measured in the stack vent air of the FR-2, the MZFR, the combustion facility for burnable radioactive waste (FERAB), the WAK and in the exhaust air of the KWO and Biblis A. Over the sampling period, 6% of the calculated 14C-production was emitted out of the coolant of the Biblis A and 31% by KWO. The 14CO2 emission from the FR-2 of, in a converted format, 2.4 Ci/a is in very good agreement with the calculated level of 2.5 Ci/a. The 14CO2 emission of the MZFR of 2-3 Ci/a is above the calculated 14C production of 0.55 Ci/a. If no dissolution is carried out at the WAK, the 14CO2 emission is in the range between 0.11 and 1.1 mCi/d. When fuel from a PWR was dissolved, 61 +- 15% of the calculated 14C inventory were emitted during and shortly after dissolution; from the fuel of a BWR 79 +- 29% of the calculated 14C inventory were released during and shortly after the dissolution step. The exposure dose in the environment of the Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center, even if WAK is operated at its maximum fuel throughput, is likely to be < 0.01 mrem/a per individual. The maximum possible exposure dose is 0.8 mrem/a (specific activity model). (orig./HP)

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Abstract (German)

Es wurde die 14C-Emission mit der Kaminabluft aus verschiedenen Anlagen gemessen. Die Messung beschraenkte sich auf 14CO2, da nur diese Verbindung zu Dosisbelastungen durch Ingestion und Inhalation fuehren kann. Probenahme und radiochemische Trennung werden beschrieben. Die Messung der 14CO2-Emission erfolgte in der Kaminabluft des FR 2, des MZFR, der Verbrennungsanlage fuer radioaktive, brennbare Abfaelle (FERAB), der WAK und in der Abluft des KWO und Biblis A. Waehrend des Probenahmezeitraumes wurde aus Biblis A 6% und aus dem KWO 31% der berechneten 14C-Produktion im Kuehlmittel emittiert. Die aus dem FR 2 emittierte 14CO2-Emission von umgerechnet 2,4 Ci/a stimmt mit dem berechneten Wert von 2,5 Ci/a sehr gut ueberein. Die 14CO2-Emission des MZFR von 2-3 Ci/a liegt ueber der errechneten 14C-Produktion von 0,55 Ci/a. Erfolgt in der WAK keine Aufloesung, dann liegt die 14CO2-Emission im Bereich zwischen 0,11 und 1,1 mCi/d. Bei der Aufloesung von Brennstoff aus einem DWR wurden 61 +- 15% des errechneten 14C-Inventars waehrend und knapp nach der Aufloesung emittiert; aus Brennstoff eines SWR wurden 79 +- 29% des berechneten 14C-Inventars waehrend und knapp nach einer Aufloesung abgegeben. Die Dosisbelastung in der Umgebung des KFZ Karlsuhe betraegt auch bei maximalem Brennstoffdurchsatz der WAK < 0,01 mrem/a fuer Einzelpersonen. Die maximal moegliche Dosisbelastung liegt bei 0,8 mrem/a (spezifisches Aktivitaetsmodell). (orig./HP)

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Additional titles

Original title (German)
Die Emission von

Publishing Information

Imprint Pagination
11 p.
Report number
KFK--2421

INIS

Country of Publication
Germany
Country of Input or Organization
Germany
INIS RN
8347219
Subject category
S61: RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY; S11: NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS; S21: SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS;
Descriptors DEI
BIBLIS REACTOR; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON 14; ENVIRONMENT; FISSION PRODUCT RELEASE; GASEOUS WASTES; KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUH; MZFR REACTOR; OBRIGHEIM REACTOR; RADIATION DOSES; RADIOACTIVE WASTE FACILITIES; STACK DISPOSAL; WAK
Descriptors DEC
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; CARBON COMPOUNDS; CARBON ISOTOPES; CARBON OXIDES; CHALCOGENIDES; ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; FUEL REPROCESSING PLANTS; GERMAN FR ORGANIZATIONS; HEAVY WATER COOLED REACTORS; HEAVY WATER MODERATED REACTORS; ISOTOPES; LIGHT NUCLEI; MANAGEMENT; NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS; NATURAL URANIUM REACTORS; NUCLEAR FACILITIES; NUCLEI; OXIDES; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PHWR TYPE REACTORS; POWER REACTORS; PWR TYPE REACTORS; RADIOISOTOPES; REACTORS; RESEARCH AND TEST REACTORS; TEST REACTORS; THERMAL REACTORS; WASTE DISPOSAL; WASTE MANAGEMENT; WASTES; WATER COOLED REACTORS; WATER MODERATED REACTORS; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES

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Notes
9 figs.; 12 tabs.; 5 refs.