The role of R and D in the nuclear infrastructure

A solid R and D base is an essential component of the nuclear infrastructure, particularly so when a significant degree of self-sufficiency in the nuclear power program is expected. The R and D base can be formed in a number of ways, as centres of excellence in academic institutions, in industrial or utility associations or in national institutions but, as a minimum, a national nuclear research and development laboratory should be in place. The role played by the R and D organizations is a broad one. Some aspects which will be discussed are: (a) to provide a training ground for the scientists and engineers required in an expanding nuclear program, bridging the gap from the academic world of the universities to the industrialized environment, (b) to provide the expertise necessary, at least initially, to adequately receive and absorb the technology which will have to be transferred during the early stages of development of the nuclear power program; this is particularly important for fuel cycle technology, (c) to provide ongoing support during the construction and operation of the nuclear power plants, (d) to establish credibility and seek acceptance in the world-wide research and development community so that the nation can keep abreast with ongoing technological development. (author)