Suppression of sawtooth oscillations due to hot electrons and hot ions

The theory of m=1 kink mode stabilization is discussed in the presence of either magnetically trapped hot electrons or hot ions. For stability hot ions require particles peaked inside the q=1 surface, while hot electrons require that its pressure profile be increasing at the q=1 surface. Experimentally observed sawtooth stabilization usually occurs with off-axis heating with ECRH and near axis heating with ICRH. Such heating may produce the magnetically trapped hot particle pressure profiles that are consistent with theory. (orig.)