Experiments on the nuclear fragmentation and on the production of radioactive beams for direct reactions

In April 1992 at the GSI a prototype experiment on the production and study of the double-magic radioactive nucleus 56Ni was successfully performed with proton scattering in inverse kinematics. A 350 MeV/u 56Ni primary beam from the heavy ion synchrotron SIS was fragmented in a 4/g/cm2 thick beryllium target. The separation of the formed isotopes ensued in the fragment separator FRS, which was operated in the achromatic mode with a degrader. Production cross sections for a whole series of fragments in the range 29≥Z≥19 and 57≥A≥41 were obtained. It succeeded to detect proton-rich isotopes at the boundary of the stability as for instance 52Co, 51Co, 50Co, or 52Ni and to determine for the first time their production cross sections. A further part of this thesis with regard to experiments with radioactive beams were first test experiments at the experimental storage ring ESR. The spotlight held luminosity measurements at the internal gas target with cooled, stable proton beam. For this the elastic scattering was stuided in inverse kinematics in the Rutherford range. Studied were different projectile beams (Ne, Xe) at energies of 150 MeV/u respectively 250 MeV/u and gas jets of nitrogen, argon, and hydrogen. The measured energy spectra of the recoils are in agreement with simulation calculations