Pasteurization of Pacific oysters by radiation: Post-mortem changes in nucleotides during storage at 0 to 20C

SUMMARY: The concentration of nucleotides was lower in the adductor muscle of the oyster (1.64 μmoles/g) than in the remaining dark tissues of the oyster (2.75 μmoles/g). The concentration was less in the whole oyster meats (2.87 μmoles/g) than is usually found in fish muscle, or other marine invertebrates. In addition to the adenine nucleotides and inosine monophosphate, uridine triphosphate, guanosine triphosphate, guanosine diphosphate, guanosine monophosphate and guanosine diphosphate‐mannose were found in the fresh oysters. Samples collected in summer had greater concentrations of nucleotides than similar winter samples. lnosine monophosphate formed rapidly from adenosine triphosphate during storage at 0°–2°C, while the turnover rate of inosine monophosphate was slow and reflected low 5′‐nucleotidase activity. Hypoxanthine, inosine, guanosine, guanine and uracil were formed during ice storage. The nucleotide breakdown in oysters was not changed by 2 mrads of radiation dose. Total nucleosides and free bases increased during storage of both unirradiated and irradiated samples. During the latter part of the storage period the concentrations of nucleosides and free bases were considerably greater in the irradiated samples. This difference probably is due to the utilization of these compounds by bacteria in the un‐irradiated samples. After 15 days of storage bacteria had increased to more than 10'organisms per g, while the counts for irradiated samples were very low (less than 103 per g).