Requirements of accelerators for accelerator driven reactor

The reliability of accelerators for industrial use such as energy production or transmutation of radioactive material can be extensively increased by taking into account the safety factor of reducing the electric field strength for acceleration cavity. To keep energy cost low, the accelerator should be in hand on maintenance by minimising the beam loss. The two methods of spreading proton beam are described. Although the CW beam is most favourable for accelerator driven reactor, the use of pulsed spallation neutron for this ADR such as the induction linac and fixed field alternating gradient accelerator (FFAG) are discussed with the fatigue problem of the solid fuel due to periodic shock by the pulsed operation of accelerator. The control of reactor power by neutron absorber is discussed in comparison with the approach used by accelerator power, and the non-proliferation problem is mentioned for accelerators. (author)