Single-institution results of primary external-beam radiation for the treatment of T1-T3 prostate cancer

Purpose: To evaluate survival and toxicity rates after primary external-beam radiation for the treatment of prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: Data of 306 patients treated with conformal external beam radiation between 1996 and 2001 were collected. These were evaluated in terms of overall, cause-specific and disease-free survival as well as toxicity. Furthermore, an investigation of possible risk factors was performed. Results: Toxicity rates compared favorably with other series with 5.2% RTOG 1-2 and no RTOG > 2 long-term side effects. Actuarial 5-year overall survival rates with and without biochemical failure were 77% versus 78%, cancer-specific survival was 85.41% versus 100%, and disease-free survival was 71.54%, respectively. Potential risk factors for cancer-related death were biochemical failure, initial serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and Gleason score. Conclusion: Toxicity rates were found to be surprisingly low compared to other series, which is likely due to low daily dose and consistent MR-based treatment planning. In terms of survival, no significant differences to other trials could be observed. Initial PSA and Gleason score were significant predictors for treatment outcome in terms of survival. (orig.)