Evaluation of a unique system for the thermal processing of radioactive and mixed wastes

In 1981 Mound began a study to determine the feasibility of using an electrically heated glass furnace for the treatment of low-level radioactive wastes generated at commercial nuclear power facilities. This study featured experiments which were designed to address critical needs of the industry in the area of thermal waste processing, namely high quality combustion of organic constituents, radioactivity capture and immobilization, integrity of the final waste form, and cost effectiveness. In dealing with these concerns a variety of wastes typical of the types generated by nuclear power facilities, including not only standard trash but also wastes of high aqueous and/or inorganic content, were spiked with predominant waste radioisotopes and processed in the glass furnace. The results of this study indicate that the unit's capabilities fully meet the addressed needs of the nuclear industry for power plant waste processing. The quality of combustion observed during the initial studies on the glass furnace was such that a more demanding application was suggested - that of hazardous waste combustion. To evaluate the furnace's capabilities in this area a study was initiated in December, 1984 which simulated a trial burn of the type required for an EPA Part B permit for thermal processing of RCRA hazardous wastes. Solvents and sludges containing high percentages of water were spiked with problem toxic metals and cocktails of organics determined to be difficult to incinerate by the EPA. A complete sampling program following EPA protocol demonstrated destruction and removal efficiencies exceeding RCTA standards