Dissemination of the resistant forms of intestinal worms in the marshy areas of the city of Yaounde (Cameroon): importance of some abiotic factors of the medium

A study was undertaken from January to June 2016 with the aim of characterizing the environmental forms of intestinal helminths that are present in some marshy areas in Yaounde. Monthly water samplings were carried out on eight different marshy areas which are: Bonamoussadi, Melen, Etoug-ebe, Mvog-betsi, Mokolo-elobie, Tsinga, Ekounou and Damas in the city of Yaounde. The observation of eggs and larvae of helminths was done using an inverted Olympus CK2 microscope with objective 40, after concentration of the samples, following the formol-ether concentration and/or Kato–Katz techniques. The hydrological and physicochemical assessment of the samples reveals a low oxygenation (20.93 ± 9.83%) and a high mineralization (566.16 ± 119.91 μS/cm) of these ecosystems. The biological analysis reveals the presence of eggs belonging to Ascaris sp., Enterobius sp., Ankylostomes sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Trichuris sp., Tænia sp., Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta, Diphyllobothrium sp., Fasciola sp., Schistosoma sp. and the larvae of Strongyloïdes sp. The statistical analysis presents a significant correlations to the threshold of 5% and 1% between the physicochemical and biological parameters quantified in our study.