An approach to the design of an advanced control centre

Control-room design deficiencies are to a considerable degree responsible for operator errors that lead to accident situations in nuclear reactors. The consideration of human factors, coupled with the use of advanced computer and display technology, result in optimum integration of the operator in the process. The paper describes the methodology adopted for the design of an advanced control centre for Indian PHWRs. The steps involved in the design approach for a representative PHWR system are explained. A characteristic feature of the design approach is the involvement of experienced operators in all design phases. The design of a human-engineered safety centre for the Narora PHWR station is discussed. Stepwise schematic flow diagrams have been developed on the basis of an analysis of the safety functions. Indications and controls to be provided in the safety centre are also delineated. The flow schematics constitute the framework for the detailed task analysis. The factors involved in the design and validation of the operator-process interface are also outlined. Cathode ray tube (CRT) displays are used as the main information display media in the advanced control centre. Displays ranging from macroviews of the plant systems to microviews of plant components help the operator in monitoring, control and diagnosis tasks. Human factors to be considered in the design of effective display formats are discussed and design guidelines summarized. Some of the problems that need to be treated in evolving a mature design for an advanced control centre are pointed out. (author)