Optimal sizing coupled with management loop for a micro-grid with storage

To face the increasing demand of electrical power in compliance with the liberalization of the electricity market and the need of reducing CO₂ emissions, many distributed energy resources have emerged and especially the generation systems that utilize renewable energy sources. In the near-future, the grid could be described as an aggregation of several micro-grids both consumer and producer. For those 'prosumers', a classical strategy consists in selling all the highly subsidized production at important prices while all consumed energy is purchased. Smarter operations now become possible with developments of energy storage technologies and evolving prices policies. The micro-grid considered in the thesis is composed of an industrial load and a photovoltaic generator associated to an energy storage. Two technologies are considered with high speed flywheels on one hand and a Li-ion electrochemical battery on the other. The common study referring to such systems allude to the optimal scheduling, the real-time management and the sizing methodology. Firstly in the thesis, the optimal power flow dispatching is performed using various algorithms. Those operations aim at reducing the electrical bill taking account of consumption and production forecasts as well as the different fares and possible constraints imposed by the power supplier. Then the design strategy is investigated. The approach consists in simultaneously integrating the energy management and the sizing of the system. We particularly underline the complexity of the resulting optimization problem and how it can be solved using suitable optimization methods in compliance with relevant models of the micro-grid. We specifically show the reduction of the computational time allowing the micro-grid simulation over long time durations in the optimization process in order to take seasonal variations into account. In the last part a cost analysis is performed, and different design are computed depending on the prices policies. The goal is to determine a financial context that would encourage the deployment of storage systems that are necessary to favor the development of intermittent renewable energy sources. (author)