Principal methods of solids analysis. Chapter 2

Up-to-date nuclear-physical methods of structural-phase transformation analysis of materials are given in the chapter. Classification of analysis methods of materials subsurface layers with help of different exciters is presented in a form of table. It is noted, that there is not one universal analysis method. Some recommendations on choice of methods for different cases are given. There are following subdivisions in the chapter - 2.1. Basic statements. Method classifications; - 2.2. Activation analysis; - 2.3. Instant nuclear analysis; - 2.4. Mass- spectroscopic analysis; - 2.5. Low energy electron spectroscopy; - 2.6. X-ray spectroscopic analysis; - 2.7. Method of electron-positron annihilation; - 2.8. Assessment of analysis methods efficiency. 3 tabs., 6 figs