Published January 1962 | Version v1
Book

Determination of hydrogen in metals by isotopic dilution with tritium

  • 1. United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Aedermaston (United Kingdom)

Description

A method for the determination, of hydrogen in metals by isotopic dilution with tritium has been developed. The apparatus and counting technique used are described and results are given for aluminium, beryllium and uranium samples. The results obtained by this method are compared with those obtained by other laboratories by vacuum extraction on samples from the same stocks of metals. The vacuum extraction work on the beryllium had indicated that the hydrogen could be entirely accounted for by that adsorbed as water vapour on the surface. The total hydrogen and ''surface correction'' for aluminium and uranium have been obtained by both methods. The values of these quantities obtained by the isotopic dilution method are higher than those obtained by vacuum extraction. However, when the surface correction is applied to the total, there is good agreement for the internally adsorbed hydrogen, which is responsible for the embrittlement of the metals. Modifications made to a Geiger counter, to improve stability, are also described. (author)

Abstract (French)

On a mis au point une methode de dosage de l'hydrogene dans les metaux par dilution isotopique avec du tritium. Le memoire decrit l'appareillage et la methode de comptage utilises, et donne les resultats obtenus avec des echantillons d'aluminium, de beryllium et d'uranium. Les resultats obtenus par cette methode ont ete compares a ceux qui avaient ete obtenus dans d'autres laboratoires par extraction sous vide a partir d'echantillons provenant des memes stocks de metaux. L'extraction sous vide a partir du beryllium avait montre que la quantite d'hydrogene present se retrouvait entierement dans celle qui avait ete adsorbee comme vapeur d'eau a la surface. La quantite totale d'hydrogene et la < correction de surface > ont ete obtenues par les deux methodes pour l'aluminium et l'uranium. Les valeurs trouvees par la methode de dilution isotopique sont plus elevees que celles qui ont ete obtenues par extraction sous vide. Cependant, lorsque la correction de surface est appliquee au total, les resultats concordent assez bien en ce qui concerne l'hydrogene interne, qui rend ces metaux friables. Les auteurs decrivent aussi les modifications apportees a un compteur Geiger pour ameliorer la stabilite. (author)

Abstract (Spanish)

Los autores han puesto a punto un metodo para determinar hidrogeno en metales por dilucion isotopica con tritio. Describen la tecnica de recuento y los aparatos empleados e informan sobre los resultados obtenidos con muestras de aluminio, berilio y uranio. Los autores comparan los resultados alcanzados por este metodo con los obtenidos en otros laboratorios por extraccion al vacio de muestras tomadas en las mismas partidas de metales. Los trabajos realizados por extraccion al vacio de muestras de berilio habian indicado que todo el hidrogeno procede del que la superficie ha adsorbido en forma de vapor de agua. Por otra parte, determinan por ambos metodos el hidrogeno total y la ''correccion de superficie'' correspondiente al aluminio y al uranio. Los valores hallados por el metodo de dilucion isotopica superan a los obtenidos por extraccion al vacio. No obstante, cuando se aplica la ''correccion de superficie'' al total, puede afirmarse que los resultados concuerdan satisfactoriamente en lo relativo al hidrogeno adsorbido internamente, que es el responsable de la fragilidad que adquieren los metales. Los autores describen asimismo las modificaciones que han introducido en un contador Geiger con miras a mejorar su estabilidad. (author)

Abstract (Russian)

V doklade daetsya opisanie razrabotannogo metoda opredeleniya vodoroda v metallakh s pomoshch'yu izotopnogo rastvoreniya s tritiem. Dano takzhe opisanie priborov, schetchikov, i privedeny rezul'taty po obraztsam alyuminiya, berilliya i urana. Rezul'taty primeneniya ehtogo metoda sravnivayutsya s rezul'tatami drugikh laboratorij, poluchennymi s pomoshch'yu vakuumnoj ehkstraktsii obraztsov toj zhe partii metallov. Obrabotka berilliya v vakuume pokazala vozmozhnost' opredeleniya vodoroda po pogloshcheniyu vodyanykh parov poverkhnost'yu. S pomoshch'yu oboikh metodov byli polucheny kak obshchee soderzhanie vodoroda, tak i ''popravka na pogloshchenie poverkhnost'yu'' dlya alyuminiya i urana. Znachenie ehtikh kolichestv, poluchennykh metodom izotopnogo rastvoreniya, prevyshayut dannye vakuumnoj ehkstraktsii. Odnako v svyazi s bol'shoj ''popravkoj na pogloshchenie poverkhnost'yu'' imeetsya khoroshee soglasovanie s vnutrennepogloshchennym vodorodom, kotoryj vedet k khrupkosti metallov. V doklade daetsya takzhe opisanie izmenenij, vnesennykh v schetchik Gejgera s tsel'yu uluchsheniya ego stabil'nosti. (author)
Part of:
Radioisotopes in the Physical Sciences and Industry. Proceedings of the Conference on the Use of Radioisotopes in the Physical Sciences and Industry. V. II

Additional details

Additional titles

Original title (English)
Dosage de l'hydrogene dans les metaux par dilution isotopique avec du tritium; Opredelenie vodoroda v metallakh s pomoshch'yu izotopnogo rastvoreniya s tritiem; Determinacion del hidrogeno en metales por dilucion isotopica con tritio

Publishing Information

Publisher
Globus, Druck- und Verlagsanstalt
Imprint Place
Vienna (International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA))
Imprint Title
Radioisotopes in the Physical Sciences and Industry. Proceedings of the Conference on the Use of Radioisotopes in the Physical Sciences and Industry. V. II
Imprint Pagination
566 p.
Series
Proceedings Series
Journal Page Range
p. 309-316
ISSN
0074-1884

Conference

Title
Conference on the Use of Radioisotopes in the Physical Sciences and Industry
Dates
6-17 Sep 1960
Place
Copenhagen (Denmark)

INIS

Country of Publication
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Country of Input or Organization
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
INIS RN
43112975
Subject category
S07: ISOTOPES AND RADIATION SOURCES;
Resource subtype / Literary indicator
Conference
Descriptors DEI
ALUMINIUM; BERYLLIUM; COUNTING TECHNIQUES; EQUIPMENT; EXTRACTION; HYDROGEN; ISOTOPE DILUTION; STABILITY; SURFACES; TRITIUM; URANIUM; WATER VAPOR
Descriptors DEC
ACTINIDES; ALKALINE EARTH METALS; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; ELEMENTS; FLUIDS; GASES; HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS; ISOTOPES; LIGHT NUCLEI; METALS; NONMETALS; NUCLEI; ODD-EVEN NUCLEI; RADIOISOTOPES; SEPARATION PROCESSES; TRACER TECHNIQUES; VAPORS; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES

Optional Information

Notes
5 figs, 1 tab., 6 refs
Secondary number(s)
STI/PUB--20(Vol.2)