The influence of zero-valent iron nanoparticles on oocytes and surrounding follicular cells in mice

In contemporary nanopharmacology, nanomedicines is used as substances for new medicines. However, interaction of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (ZVI-NPs) with cells and subcellular structures, their influence on the genetic material of the cell, the possible protective mechanisms or the toxic effects of it, are not studied enough. The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of ZVI-NPs on oocytes and surrounding follicular cells under the condition of immune complex-mediated failurе. To simulate experimental immune complex-mediated failure CBA/lac mice have been immunized by increasing doses of antigen—bovine serum albumin intravenous once a week for 6 weeks. ZVI-NPs, L-arginine hydrochloride, aminoguanidine hydrochloride were used. We have obtained data that states ZVI-NPs treatment does not affect the resumption of meiosis, but suppresses formation of the first polar body in oocytes. It does not cause changes in the parameters of viability of cells of the follicular environment of oocytes. In addition, there is reversed distribution between nuclei of 0/1 and 2nd classes compared with the corresponding values in the control. Conditions of experimental immune complex-mediated failure and treatment with L-arginine and ZVI-NPs cause the following effects: improvement of oocyte meiotic maturation at the stage of metaphase I; reduction of cell death; decrease in DNA damage. It has been shown for the first time that NO is probably involved in the development of the effect of ZVI-NPs on oocytes and cells of the follicular environment of oocytes under conditions of experimental immune complex-mediated failure.