Laminar ferrofluid heat transfer in presence of non-uniform magnetic field in a channel with sinusoidal wall: A numerical study

This research is allocated to numerical study of two dimensional laminar forced convective heat transfer of ferrofluid (water and Fe₃O₄) in the presence of a non-uniform magnetic field in a channel with a sinusoidal corrugated wall. The hydrodynamic and thermal behavior of the ferrofluid is examined using the mixture model and the finite volume method. The effects of an increase in wavy channel amplitude, volume fraction, Reynolds number, and negative magnetic field gradient on the hydrodynamic and thermal behaviors are investigated and discussed. Nusselt number is found to increase as wave amplitude, volume fraction of nanoparticles, Reynolds number, or negative magnetic field gradient increase. The negative magnetic field gradient increases the pump work with a greater effect at lower Reynolds numbers. The results of this research can be utilized to enhance heat transfer in heat exchangers and to increase their efficiency.