X-ray laser ray-tracing through a plasma density well

Plasma waveguides as plasmas with increasing electron density away from the plasma axis and in the parallel direction to target surfaces have been introduced to reduce the transversal refraction loss effects. Such a plasma density well has been created using the hydrodynamic coupled to atomic Ehybrid code. Their wave guiding effects as well as their gain on the Ne-like Ge X-laser beam have been investigated.