Synthesis, Optimization and Selectivity Behavior of Some Inorganic Ion Exchange Materials for Environmental Remediation

Inorganic ion exchange materials play an important role in analytical applications based on their highly resistant to chemical attack and thermal treatment. Understanding the origin of selectivity in inorganic ion exchangers is still somewhat limited. However, it is of great importance to increase this understanding in order to be able to design selective materials for the effective separations of radioactive nuclides in variable conditions. By slightly altering the composition or dimensions of the three dimensional framework structure of an ion exchange material through cation substitution, exchangers with more desirable properties may be developed. Several factors typically simultaneously affect the ion exchange properties of inorganic ion exchangers (elemental composition, acidity, water content and hydration of exchanging ions) must be conducted in order to be able to make definite conclusions on the origin of selectivity. In this thesis some of inorganic ion exchange materials based on silicates were synthesized using different techniques such as sol gel, In-situ precipitation and ion dopping techniques. The materials prepared were characterized using different analytical techniques such as x-ray fluorescence, x-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis to determine their structures and empirical formulas. Analytical applications of these materials for environmental remediation will investigate. The studies included; chemical and thermal stability, capacity measurements, equilibrium and distribution studies. Finally, from the results obtained, column chromatographic technique were conducted