Published February 1963
| Version v1
Book
Diagnosis and treatment of a local and afterwards generalized plutonium contamination
Creators
- 1. Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France)
Description
During an accident a technician's two hands were contaminated with hexaplutonium-239 nitrate. The contamination on the left hand alone, measured with an X-detector, was close on 60 μc . The contamination was brought down to 15 μc by a first decontamination carried out under a local anaesthetic; several contamination zones were localized by scanning. A surgical operation, done under an Esmach band with X and α-detectors, reduced the contamination from 15 to 5 μc, the hands' functions being integrally preserved. A new zone of activity was localized by a second scan, and a second operation reduced internal contamination in the hand to 2 μc. It has not been possible to localize this activity but it is kept under regular supervision. Parallel with the surgical decontamination, an internal decontamination with DTPA was undertaken. Blood, urine and faeces were sampled immediately after the accident and their activity was measured. Afterwards, urine samples were taken daily; blood and faecal samples were taken during each period of treatment. All the measurements indicate that DTPA is extremely effective in the case of internal contamination by Pu239. It also appears that the percentage of blood plutonium eliminated by the kidney varies with time. The percentage increases, indicating that the plutonium is carried in the blood under different ionic or colloidal forms which are cleared in different degrees by the kidneys. It would accordingly appear that the activity in the urine does not faithfully reflect the internal contamination. (author)
Abstract (French)
Au cours d'un accident, les deux mains d'un technicien ont ete contaminees par du nitrate de plutonium-239 hexavalent. Pour la seule main gauche, la contamination, mesuree avec un detecteur de rayons X, etait voisine de 60 μc. Une premiere decontamination, sous anesthesie locale, a permis de remener la contamination a 15 μc . Grace a un , on a localise plusieurs zones de contamination. Une intervention chirurgical, faite sous bande d'Esmach avec l'aide dedetecteurs de rayons X et α, aramene la contamination de 15 a 5 μc, tout en conservant l'integrite des fonctions de la main. Un deuxieme a permis de localiser une nouvelle zone d'activite, et une deuxieme intervention a abaisse la contamination interne de la main a 2 μc. Il n'a pas ete possible de localiser cette activite, dont l'evolution est regulierement controlee. En parallele avec cette decontamination chirurgicale, une decontamination interne avec l'ADTP a ete entreprise. Des l'accident, les prelevements suivants ont ete faits: sang, urine, matieres fecales, et leur activite mesuree. Par la suite, les prelevements urinaires ont ete quotidiens. Les prelevements sanguins et fecaux ont ete faits a chaque periode de traitement. De toutes les mesures, il ressort que l'efficacite de l'ADTP est tres grande dans les contaminations internes avec 239Pu. Mais il apparait aussi que le pourcentage de plutonium sanguin elimine par le rein varie en fonction du temps. Ce pourcentage croit, ce qui montre que le plutonium est vehicule dans le sang sous diverses formes ioniques ou colloidales que le rein elimine a des taux differents. Il ne semble donc pas que l'activite urinaire soit un reflet fidele de la contamination interne. (author)Abstract (Spanish)
A raiz de un accidente, un tecnico del centro de Fontenay-aux-Roses se contamino las manos con nitrato de hexaplutonio-239. La contaminacion de la mano izquierda, medida con un detector de rayos X, era del orden de 60 μc, Una primera descontaminacion, efectuada con anestesia local, redujo el valor numerico a 15 μc; por exploracion, se localizaron varias zonas de contaminacion. Se intervino quirurgicamente bajo una banda de Esmach con detectores X y α y se disminuyo la contaminacion de 15 a 5 μc, conservando integras las functiones de las manos. Por una segunda exploracion se localizo una nueva zona de actividad y se volvio a intervenir reduciendo la contaminacion interna de la mano hasta 2 μc. Si bien esta actividad no se pudo localizar, se somete a vigilancia periodica. Simultaneamente con la descontaminacion quirurgica, se procedio a una descontaminacion interna con DTPA. Inmediatamente despues del accidente, se tomaron muestras de sangre, orina y heces y se midieron sus actividades. Despues se recogieron diariamente muestras de orina; durante cada periodo de tratamiento, se tomaron asimismo muestras de sangre y de heces. Todas las mediciones indican que el DTPA es sumamente eficaz en-el caso de contaminacion interna por 239Pu. Tambien parece que el porcentaje de plutonio de la sangre que se elimina por el riflon varia con el tiempo. Este porcentaje aumenta, lo que indica que el plutonio es transportado por la sangre en diversas formas ionicas o coloidales que los rinones filtran en grado variable. Existen, pues, razones para suponer que la actividad de la orina no refleje fielmente el grado de contaminacion interna. (author)Abstract (Russian)
Vo vremya avarii obe ruki tekhnika okazalis' porazheny shestivalentn'sh azotnokislym plutoniem-239. Zagryaznenie odnoj tol'ko levoj ruki, izmerennoe s pomoshch'yu rentgenometra, sostavilo okolo 60 mkkyuri. Pervoe provedennoe pod mestnoj anesteziej obbezzarakhivanie pozvolilo svesti zagryaznenie do 15 mkkyuri. Skanirovanie privelo v lokalizatsii neskol'kikh zon aktivnosti. Khirurgicheskoe vmeshatel'stvo, proizvedennoe pod povyazkoj EHsmakha i pod kontrolem rentgenometra i alfa-schetchika, svelo zagryaznenie c 15 do 5 mkkyuri pri sokhranenii polnoty funktsii ruk. Povtornoe skanirovanie pozvolilo lokalizovat' novuyu zonu aktivnosti, a povtornoe vmeshatel'stvo umen'shilo vnutrennee zarazhenie ruki do 2 mkkyuri. Lokalizovat' dannuyu aktivnost', za razvitiem kotoroj osushchestvlyalsya regulyarnyj kontrol', ne predstavilos' vozmozhnym. Parallel'no s ehtim khirurgicheskim obezzarazhivaniem bylo predprinyato vnutrennee obezzarazhivanie s pomoshch'yu DTRA. Posle avarii u postradavshego nemedlenno byli vzyaty dlya analiza i izmereniya aktivnosti krov', mocha i kal. Vposledstvii mocha bralas' ezhednevno. Vzyatie krovi i kala proizvodilos' v kazhdoj faze lecheniya. Rezul'taty izmerenij svidetel'stvuyut o bol'shoj ehffektivnosti DTRA pri vnutrennikh porazheniyakh plutoniem-239. Odnako predstavlyaetsya, chto protsentnoe soderzhanie v krovi plutoniya, kotoryj udalyaetsya pochkami, menyaetsya v zavisimosti ot vremeni. Ehtot protsentnyj pokazatel' vozrastaet, pokazyvaya tem samym, chto plutonij nakhoditsya v krovi v razlichnykh ionnykh i kolloidal'nykh formakh, kotorye udalyayutsya pochkami s razlichnoj skorost'yu. Poehtomu sozdaetsya vpechatlenie, chto aktivnost' mochi ne yavlyaetsya vernym priznakom vnutrennego zagryazneniya. (author)Additional details
Additional titles
- Original title (French)
- Diagnostic et traitement d'un cas d'intoxication par le plutonium local d'abord et generalise ensuite; Diagnoz i lechenie mestnogo i posledukshego generalizirovannogo porazheniya plutoniem; Diagnostico y tratamiento de una contaminacion local y luego general por plutonio
Publishing Information
- Publisher
- IAEA
- Imprint Place
- Vienna (International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA))
- Imprint Title
- Diagnosis and treatment of radioactive poisoning. Proceedings of the scientific meeting on the diagnosis and treatment of radioactive poisoning
- Imprint Pagination
- 468 p.
- Series
- Proceedings Series
- Journal Page Range
- p. 381-386
- ISSN
- 0074-1884
Conference
- Title
- Scientific meeting on the diagnosis and treatment of radioactive poisoning
- Dates
- 15-18 Oct 1962
- Place
- Vienna (Austria)
INIS
- Country of Publication
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- Country of Input or Organization
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- INIS RN
- 44055232
- Subject category
- S63: RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS;
- Resource subtype / Literary indicator
- Conference
- Descriptors DEI
- BLOOD; CONTAMINATION; DECONTAMINATION; DIAGNOSIS; DTPA; HANDS; KIDNEYS; PLUTONIUM; PLUTONIUM 239; PLUTONIUM NITRATES; RADIATION ACCIDENTS; RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS; SURGERY; URINE
- Descriptors DEC
- ACCIDENTS; ACTINIDE COMPOUNDS; ACTINIDE NUCLEI; ACTINIDES; ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; AMINO ACIDS; ARMS; BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; BIOLOGICAL WASTES; BODY; BODY FLUIDS; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; CHELATING AGENTS; CLEANING; DRUGS; ELEMENTS; EVEN-ODD NUCLEI; HEAVY NUCLEI; ISOTOPES; KINETICS; LIMBS; MATERIALS; MEDICINE; METALS; NITRATES; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; NUCLEI; ORGANIC ACIDS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANS; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PLUTONIUM COMPOUNDS; PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES; RADIOISOTOPES; RADIOPROTECTIVE SUBSTANCES; RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS; SPONTANEOUS FISSION RADIOISOTOPES; TRANSURANIUM COMPOUNDS; TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS; WASTES; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
Optional Information
- Secondary number(s)
- STI/PUB--65