Developing the heat offer from methanisation. Barriers and levers for a better valorisation

As some difficulties and obstacles related to prices, to a lack of relationship between producers and consumers, to a regulation which is not synchronised with technical innovations, to technical constraints, and to the length of some procedures, are impeding the development of methanisation installations in France, this study aims at a better understanding of these facts as they are stated by methanisation unit managers, and at stating propositions for actions to improve heat valorisation. Thus, the report first presents the energy context in terms of national and territorial planning. It presents the methanisation process (biological process, installations, possibilities of energy valorization, actors of the biogas sector), discusses the valorisation of heat produced from biogas, proposes an overview of the situation of methanisation installations, of networks and of the heat demand. It reports an analysis of testimonies of actors on project development, on technical aspects, on financial and profitability aspects, on regulatory aspects, and on the social and societal stake. Levers for a better valorisation of heat are identified in terms of public policies and of support tools for the sector