Meteorological provision of activities and estimation of environmental radioactivity

Approach to meteorological provision of NPP, as a potential source of radioactive contamination of area in case of an accident, is described. The approach is differentiated, depending on NPP geographical position and electric potential. Methods of scattering calculation under normal NPP operation are presented. Concentration field of radioactive products in the air and density field of radioactive contamination in underlaying surface are calculated. The suggested calculation scheme is based on three statistical models: 1) empirical model of local scale (Paskvill-Gifford model); 2) mesoscale model and 3) regional model (Lagrange models, developed in Goskomhydromet of the USSR). Simple formulas for crude estimation of radioisotope concentration in water of rivers and pools, bottom sediments, drinking water are presented, as well as formulas for assessment of contamination of agricultural lands, irrigated by these waters. 22 figs.; 14 tabs