Thermodynamic class II Szekeres–Szafron solutions. Singular models

A family of parabolic Szekeres–Szafron class II solutions in local thermal equilibrium is studied and their associated thermodynamics are obtained. The subfamily with the hydrodynamic behavior of a generic ideal gas (defined by the equation of state ) results to be an inhomogeneous generalization of flat FLRW -law models. Three significative interpretations that follow on from the choice of three specific thermodynamic schemes are analyzed in depth. First, the generic ideal gas in local thermal equilibrium; this interpretation leads to an inhomogeneous temperature . Second, the thermodynamics with homogeneous temperature considered by Lima and Tiomno (1989 Class. Quantum Grav. 6 L93). And third, a new model having exactly the homogeneous temperature of the FLRW limit. It is shown that the three models above fulfill the necessary macroscopic requirements for physical reality (positivity of matter density and temperature, energy conditions and compressibility conditions) in wide domains of the spacetime. (paper)