Thermodynamic analysis of a solar dish receiver using different nanofluids

Nanofluid application as the working fluid is proposed as a way for improving the solar system performance. In this study, a dish concentrator with a cylindrical cavity receiver was numerically modeled. Four different nanofluids including Al₂O₃/thermal oil, Cu/thermal oil, SiO₂/thermal oil, and TiO₂/thermal oil, were investigated as the working fluid of the solar system. The effects of the nanoparticles concentration in the range of 0–5% on the first and second law of the thermodynamic were considered in this study. The results indicated that the thermal efficiency decreased with increasing nanoparticle volume concentration. Also, the calculated results showed that the obtained exergy and efficiency of exergy improved by increasing the nanofluid concentrations. And it can be concluded from results that the entropy generation reduced with increasing nanofluid concentrations. The Bejan number increased with enhancing the nanoparticles volume fraction. In general Cu/thermal oil nanofluid has best exergy manner among the investigated nanofluid in the cylindrical cavity receiver. - Highlights: • A cylindrical cavity receiver was numerically modeled with different nanofluids. • The first and second law of the thermodynamic were investigated. • The system performance was considered using four different nanofluids. • Al₂O₃, Cu, SiO₂, and TiO₂ were investigated as the nanoparticles. • Thermal oil was used as the base fluid.