Double intensity injection for antiproton production

A way to increase the luminosity of the Fermilab Tevatron during Run IIa [1] is to increase the number protons delivered to the target for antiproton production. In Ref. [2], a method to inject continuously 12 booster batches into the Main Injector is described in detail. The injection will fill 6/7 of the Main Injector with double intensity, for both antiproton production and the Numi neutrino project in Run IIb [3]. In this paper, they address the special case of filling only one booster-batch length of the Main Injector with double intensity in Run IIa. The problem we are facing is to limit the length of the final proton batch to within a booster-batch length, which is the circumferential length of the antiproton accumulator. Otherwise, losses will occur either at the Main Injector or the antiproton production area. With reasonable sizes of the barrier waves, simulations show that they are able to restrict the double-density protons to 5.9% longer than the booster-batch length before adiabatic capture. After adiabatic capture with 53-MHz rf, 90 buckets are occupied. The protons in the extra 6 buckets at the sides will be lost eventually. However, these amount to only 0.51% of the total proton batch. Some injection parameters of the Main Injector are listed in a table