An interpretation of the cosmological constant from the physical constants

The simplest formulation of the present Universe is given by the Λ-Cold Dark Matter (Λ-CDM) model, where Λ being referred to as cosmological constant. In this model, the dominant energy budget of the Universe is described by the cold dark matter and the dark energy. The gravitational behavior of the dark energy for the expanding Universe is attributed to Λ which is equivalent to the vacuum energy density. The discovery of accelerated expansion of the Universe has opened the most important window not only in modern cosmology but also for the fundamental physics. In this work, we perform some analytical calculations to estimate the value of Λ using the results from the cosmological observations. The numerical value of Λ determined from cosmological observations is found to be very small, but it represents late time accelerated expansion of the Universe. Acceleration of the expanding Universe due to Λ started dominating at the epoch when age of the Universe was ~ 70% of the current age. We also discuss the unique relationship between Λ and various constants of physics derived using axiomatic approach. The numerical value of Λ derived from the physical constants is in good agreement with the value obtained from cosmological observations. (author)