Developments in He II heat transfer and applications to superconducting magnets

A survey of the heat transfer in He II describes the working principles for the cooling capability of this fluid. Heat transfer limits are plotted and steady state heat flux, transient heat transfer, Kapitza Conductance, and film boiling are discussed. A discussion of composite superconductor stability is presented specifically within the context of He II cooling. Application of magnet stability is discussed in terms of steady-state stability, cold end recovery, enthalpy stability, and stability experiments. Nomenclature is defined and 51 reference cited. Conclusions include recommendations of problems needing further work. In this work, magnets cooled by He II will operate as part of large complex experiments requiring high duty cycle and reliable performance