Investigation on antibacterial and hemolytic properties of magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposite

Highlights: • Magnesium incorporated hydroxyapatite was synthesized by using microwave-assisted wet chemical method. • The spectrophotometer method was used to perform the hemolytic activity of the samples. • The chemical bonding of the samples was confirmed by the FTIR spectrum. • The HR-TEM confirms the spherical morphology of the synthesized samples. • The in vitro antibacterial activity of the samples was studied. • The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity against standard drug diclofenac sodium for the samples were studied. • The samples were non-hemolytic according to the ASTM F756-00 (American Society for Testing and Materials Designation). In this work, we have investigated the antibacterial and hemolytic efficacy of hydroxyapatite (HA) and Magnesium (Mg) incorporated hydroxyapatite (MHA), where the composite was synthesized by a rapid and cost-effective microwave-assisted wet chemical method. The synthesized MHA composite was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), in vitro antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Also, the hemolytic activity of the sample was studied using the spectrophotometer technique. From the analysis, the XRD diffractogram confirms the presence of HA and MHA by the JCPDS card no: 09-0432. The chemical bonding confirmed the presence of Mg and HA in the nanocomposite and the HRTEM confirmed the spherical shape morphology of synthesized samples. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the nanocomposite was studied against the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Also, the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the sample was studied against the standard drug Diclofenac sodium and found to be compatible with the standard values. Further, the samples are investigated to be non-hemolytic according to the ASTM F756-00 (American Society for Testing and Materials Designation). Based on the studies, the prepared Mg-HA nanocomposite can be potential for the biomedical applications of dental, orthopaedic, and stem cell research.