The Al-doping and post-annealing treatment effects on the structural and optical properties of ZnO:Al thin films deposited on Si substrate

Al-doped ZnO (ZnO:Al) thin films with different Al contents were deposited on Si substrates using the radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements showed that the crystallinity of the films was promoted by appropriate Al content (0.75 wt.%). Then the ZnO:Al film with Al content of 0.75 wt.% was annealed in vacuum at different temperatures. XRD patterns revealed that the residual compressive stress decreased at higher annealing temperatures. While the surface roughness of the ZnO:Al film annealed at 300 deg. C became smoother, those of the ZnO:Al films annealed at 600 and 750 deg. C became rougher. The photoluminescence (PL) measurements at room temperature revealed a violet, two blue and a green emission. The origin of these emissions was discussed and the mechanism of violet and blue emission of ZnO:Al thin films were suggested. We concluded that the defect centers are mainly ascribed to antisite oxygen and interstitial Zn in annealed (in vacuum) ZnO:Al films.