Low-energy pion scattering to 1- states in 12C

Differential cross sections for 40, 50, and 65 MeV π+ and π- inelastic scattering to 1- excitations in 12C have been measured and compared to distorted wave impulse approximation (DWIA) reaction model predictions. Strengths are presented in terms of sum rules for the 1- state at 10.84 MeV and for the giant dipole resonance from 18 to 25 MeV. An excitation function at q=224 MeV/c for the 1- state at 10.84 MeV is displayed in the energy range from 50 to 291 MeV showing a non-spin-flip pattern. We find inadequacies in the detailed comparison of the shapes of the data to DWIA calculations using several standard nuclear models