Determination of Lead (II) in environmental water samples by resonance light scattering technology

Lead is a heavy metal with neurotoxicity, and excessive lead in water can lead to the deterioration of water quality and accumulate in aquatic organisms. Thus, it is necessary to explore quick and effective methods for the determination of Pb²⁺ in water environment. In pH=5.5 weak acidic solution, it is found that Pb²⁺ can combine with XO to form a red complex PbXO, which has a strong resonance light scattering strength at the wavelength of 342 nm under the sensitization effect of the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTMAB). The resonance light scattering strength has good linear relationship with the concentration of Pb²⁺ in the range of 0.01 mg L⁻¹∼0.1 mg L⁻¹. Therefore, a convenient strategy has successfully realized the lead detection with the detection limits of 1.05×10⁻² mg L⁻¹ and the relative standard deviation of 1.89 % at a concentration 0.02 mg L⁻¹. The recovery is in the range of 88.3%∼98.3% for the determination of Pb²⁺ in three different water samples. It is used for the determination of Pb²⁺ in water samples with satisfactory results. (paper)