Experience in transfer of control and instrumentation technology to a developing country

Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP) was a turn-key project and no transfer of technology was defined in the mutually agreed specification. However, in the early stages of control and instrumentation equipment installation the need for transfer of technical know-how became apparent and an approach was evolved with a view to successfully operate, maintain, modify and improve the control and instrumentation equipment and systems at KANUPP. An adequate number of engineers and technicians, mostly with no prior experience, participated in the installation, commissioning, testing and final acceptance of the control and instrumentation and were able to operate the plant successfully after its handing over to the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC). (author)