Alpha particle effects on the internal kink modes

The α-particle effects on the internal kink mode stability are studied. Finite Grad-Shafranov Shift, plasma β, and plasma shape can significantly enhance the trapped particle drift reversal domain in pitch angle space and reduce average magnetic drift frequency. The drift reversal effect on the ideal kink mode is small, but the βα threshold for the fishbone mode can be much lower than previously predicted. In addition, the ion diamagnetic drift has a stronger destabilizing effect