Adaption test of promising black soybean mutant line DT17 G1 and DT19 G1-2

The efforts to increase black soybean production (Glycine max L. Merr.) in the country, for the availability of raw materials of the food industry is provision of high yielding superior soybean varieties, mature ages, and resistant to pests and diseases. Soybean superior varieties as raw material of soy sauce are still very little. Based on that reason, BATAN contributes to assembling, researching and developing superior varieties of black soybeans. One of the methods to increase genetic variation in obtaining superior varieties is nuclear technique using gamma rays that yielding in mutation. The Cikuray variety has been irradiated using gamma rays a dose of 200 Gy in 2008 and selected 5 promising black soybean mutant lines. Adaptation test has been conducted at 10 locations through National Soybean Consortium, with additional 5 lines from the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (BALITKABI) Malang, 5 lines of Padjadjaran University (UNPAD) and 2 national varieties as control (Cikuray and Detam 1). From the analysis of diversity, all components of genotype show significant difference at a rate of 5 % of F test. Genotype interaction with the environment (linear) indicates that the increase of line result is in line with the increase of environmental productivity. Based on the F test on the combined deviation, it shows significant difference at a rate of 5 %. DT17 G1 and DT19 G1-2 line has stability and adaptability. The genotype which rated stable as well as having higher seed yield than average at the 10 location is a DT17 G1 line. The line is capable of optimum production in the range of relatively broad environment compared to other lines, including the DT19 G1-2 line although it is not rated stable. DT19 G1-2 line reaches the highest seed yield, and also has the highest and positive coefficient regression value. It means that the line adapt specifically to developed in areas that have fertile land productivity level. The productivity of the DT19 G1-2 line is an average of 2.42 t/ha with a potential of 3.17 t/ha and DT17 G1 line is 2.32 t/ha with a potential of 3.04 t/ha. The size of both lines is larger than its parent, Cikuray. Based on the data and the test results, then the DT17 G1 and DT19 G1-2 line can submitted to be evaluated and proposed to be new superior varieties of black soybeans. (author)