The effect of lead garment on musculoskeletal injuries and physical activity among Saudi radiographers during fluoroscopy and interventional procedures

Background: Radiographers are at risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) due to their job physical demands, including using lead garments for radiation protection during fluoroscopy procedures. This study aims to investigate the impact of lead garments on MSIs and physical activity among Saudi radiographers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 194 radiographers working in Saudi Arabia. A comprehensive survey was used to collect data on demographic information, work-related details, health status, lead garment usage, exercise habits, and MSIs. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The study cohort predominantly comprised younger individuals of aged between 20 and 30 years (77.3%), encompassing a balanced gender representation (43.3% male, 56.7% female). A low prevalence of chronic illness was reported (94.3%). Workplace diversity was observed across interventional (26.8%), fluoroscopy (25.3%), and combined departments (47.9%). Physical activity varied among participants, with 41.2% reporting no exercise and others engaging in exercise 2-3 times (27.3%), 3-4 times (19.1%), or 4-5 times (12.4%) per week. Most participants had less than five years of experience (75.3%) and worked 3-5 days a week (47.9%) with Interventional Radiology and fluoroscopy procedures lasting 2-4 h (47.4%). Participants used various types of lead aprons: Vest and skirt (25.3%), wrap-around (36.1%), and single-sided coat (38.7%). Conclusion: These findings offer a comprehensive overview of the demographic profile, work characteristics, physical activity levels, and lead apron preferences of Saudi radiographers. The results emphasize the need for tailored interventions and ergonomic improvements in lead garment design to enhance the safety, comfort, and musculoskeletal health of radiographers in the workplace. This highlights the importance of addressing the physical demands of radiography to promote a healthier and more sustainable work environment