Gyrokinetic simulation of fusion plasma turbulence. Part 2. Self-organization of zonal flows in electron turbulence

Turbulent fusion plasmas are described by a five-dimensional (5D) gyrokinetic model. In this paper, a 5D gyrokinetic model is briefly introduced, and 5D gyrokinetic simulations of microscopic electron turbulence in a reactor relevant tokamak configuration are shown. In the simulation, turbulent structures in electron transport barriers are studied, and anisotropic structures such as zonal flows are found. Their generation mechanisms are studied using gyrokinetic simulations and a reduced Hasegawa-Mima like model, and self-organization processes similar to those in the Rossby wave turbulence are identified. (author)