Magnetic and dielectric behavior of praseodymium substituted barium hexaferrite

Highlights: • Ba_1-xPr_xCo_xFe_12-xO₁₉ (x = 0.4) hexaferrites were synthesized by sol-gel method. • High coercivity of 6500.39 Oe is observed at calcination temperature of 800 °C. • A hard magnetic material is proposed for manufacturing permanent magnets. Magnetic and dielectric properties of barium hexaferrite doped with praseodymium at different calcination temperatures have been investigated. Sol gel auto-combustion method was used to synthesize Ba_1-xPr_xCo_xFe_12-xO₁₉ (x = 0.4). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermo-gravimetry analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and dielectric spectroscopy have been used to characterize the synthesized M-type hexaferrite. Analysis of FTIR, TGA and XRD results, confirmed the complete formation of M-type hexagonal phase with average crystallite size lying in the range 38 $\pm$ 5 nm. VSM analysis revealed the increase of coercivity, retentivity, and saturation magnetization at higher calcination temperature but under same condition decrease in the values of dielectric constant and tangent loss is observed by dielectric spectroscopy. On the basis of obtained results, Ba_{1- x}Pr_xCo_xFe_12-xo₁₉ (x = 0.4) calcinated at 800 °C is being proposed as a harder magnetic material for manufacturing permanent magnets.