Biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles for nuclear medical applications

The nature around us works as a large bio-laboratory as it contains many plants, algae, fungi, yeast, bacteria, etc., that can produce many bio compounds. These naturally occurring bio compounds are playing an energetic role within the formation of nanoparticles with distinct shapes and sizes. Hence, these bio compounds were the starting point for the planning of greener, safer, and environmentally benign protocols for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to prepare Aspergillus flavus Copper oxide NPs (AFCuONPs) and Candida albicans Copper oxide NPs (CACuONPs) using extracellular fungous filtrate. The AFCuONPs was bio fabricated with the average size 32.4 nm and zeta potential-36 mV. The properties of the AFCuONPs were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, and UV- Vis spectrophotometry. The AFCuONPs was radiolabeled with Technetium-99m, and showed high radiolabeling yield 93 ± 0.85%. The toxicity of AFCuONPs was evaluated against three cancer cell lines (human breast (MCF-7), hepato (HePG-2), and lung (A-459)) and one normal human lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cell line. Copper oxide NPs that were bio synthesized by Aspergillus flavus exhibited high anticancer activity against cancer cell lines. Furthermore, these NPs were found to exhibit high bactericide activity against pathogenic gram-negative over gram-positive bacteria. The in vivo biodistribution of ^99mTc-AFCuONPs in solid tumor-bearing mice showed high radioactivity accumulation in tumor tissues with maximum uptake of 4.68 ± 0.52 and 98.23 ± 4.8% ID/g at 3 hr and 60 min post intravenous (I.V.) and intratumoral injection (I.T.), respectively