Investigation and characterization of the nanoscale precipitation sequence and their kinetics in Al–1.0% Mg₂Si–0.4 wt% Si–0.5Cu (wt%) alloy

Nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry technique has been applied on Al–0.63 mass% Mg–0.77 mass% Si–0.5 mass% Cu alloy. Seven reaction peaks have been observed from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). High resolution transmission electron microscopic (HRTEM) investigation has also been carried out for specimens heated with the same heating rate to the peak temperatures of the corresponding processes in the differential scanning calorimetry scans in order to characterize the developed precipitates at these temperatures. As per our results obtained from DSC and HRTEM investigations, the precipitation sequence can be written as: α_sss → Si–Mg–vacancy clusters → GP zones → β″-phase and random precipitates → type C and/or Q′-phase → predominant Q′-phase + a few β(Mg₂Si)-phase and Si precipitates. In addition to that, the activation energies associated with the precipitation of β″ and Q′ were found close to the diffusion energies of Si and Mg in Al matrix. This result suggests that the diffusion of the solute atoms to form the precipitates is the appropriate mechanism of controlling both types of precipitates. - Highlights: • The behavior of the DSC scans is characterized by seven reaction processes. • HRTEM observations showed that the formed GP zones are lath shaped precipitates. • The crystal structure of β″-precipitates is monoclinic. • Excess Si stabilizes both random and β″ precipitates to higher temperatures. • The crystal analysis of C and/or Q′ precipitates exhibits a hexagonal structure