Chemical effects of 32P recoil atom

Szilard-Chalmers' effect of 32P were reviewed. The concentration method using Szilard-Chalmers' effect in production of radioisotope, circumstances such as exposure time in an atomic pile, states of target substances and the yields by them were discussed. Many kinds of chemical effects, such as chemical effects of 32P recoil atom in phosphorated glass, studies of the effect of adducts, the threshold of γ-ray effect, the oxidation number of 32P in phosphorated glass by exposure time in the pile and the labelling position of 32P, are associated with caryotransformation (nuclear transformation) by environmental factors. The abovementioned articles were explained concerning 32P. (Kanao, N.)